Lotus seed starch (LS) was enzymatically hydrolyzed by pullulanase, β-amylase and α-amylase to obtain three types of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) P-SNPs, β-SNPs and α-SNPs, respectively. The structure and physicochemical properties of lotus seed starch nanoparticles (LS-SNPs) were systematically studied by Laser particle size analysis, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrometry, Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results showed that compared to LS (10,466.7 ± 230.9 nm), the D [3,2] of P-SNPs were (334.7 ± 16.2), which indicated that LS was decomposed into LS-SNPs with low degree of polymerization. P-SNPs showed the highest efficiency, with 81.74% of samples reaching the nanoscale. The particle size order was LS > β-SNPs (α-SNPs) > P-SNPs. XRD results showed P-SNPs had the highest crystallinity 65.07%. During preparation of LS-SNPs, crystal region was destroyed, and double helix structure became stronger, but no new functional groups were introduced. P-SNPs had the smallest amorphous area and also showed a minimal molecular weight and the broadest molecular weight distribution. P-SNPs had the smallest particle size and the highest crystallinity, so P-SNPs were the best of all LS-SNPs. In a previous article, we reported on the physico-chemical properties of cellulose-based scaffolds derived from sugar-cane bagasse and their preliminary in vitro assessment. In view of skin tissue regeneration, we here present our findings of an extensive in vitro testing of these scaffolds using key cells involved in the wound healing cascade namely fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells and macrophages either singly or in various combinations to mimic in vivo conditions. Inflammation was quantified using TNF-α. In vivo biocompatibility as well as wound healing potential of the scaffolds was demonstrated using Wistar rats. Finally, we discuss the effect of curcumin-loaded scaffolds on inflammation and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Nanosilica extracted from sugar-cane bagasse ash was also loaded in the scaffolds and its effect on biological response was assessed. In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers were electrospun incorporated with lecithin, zero-charge natural segment, as non-biofouling nanofiltration membrane with tunable porous structures. Optimum conditions were studied to obtain nano-pore size capable of nano-scaled objects reduction using needle and needleless electrospinning apparatuses. Fiber diameters were in proportional relationship with PVP concentrations to range from 1.2 um to 34 nm at 10 to 5% wt/v PVP respectively. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was added and PVP fibers were photo-crosslinked to enhance the mechanical strength. Mechanical properties of electrospun fibers were enforced up to 279% in the presence of microcrystalline cellulose while increased by 125% when exposed to photo-crosslinking for 8 h by UV-light radiation. UV-crosslinking significantly improved the hydrophobicity of the final mat to report contact angle bigger than 90° at 16 h. Protein adhesion test was conducted to indicate the capability of the electrospun membrane to bypass the blood-plasma products. Zero protein adhesion was recorded by adding only 2% wt/v of lecithin. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/n6022.html V.Sesbania gum (SG) was subjected to chemical modification via the first acidolysis followed by cross-linking under maintaining the basic framework of SG particles so that its performances could be well tailored. The modification of SG was preferred for food processing and drug sustained-release agent uses. The experimental results indicated that the size distribution of SG particles was slightly narrowed by the acidolysis, while the size distribution was apparently broadened by cross-linking. More interestingly, the acidolysis evidently enhanced the intensity of hydrolysate at diffraction angle of 14.5°. The cross-linking was able to improve the freeze-thaw stability, acid and alkali resistance of SG, while the acidolysis only improved the acid resistance. As a traditional role, the cross-linking could lead to the reduction in the swelling capacity of SG. The acidolysis and cross-linking raised the thermal stability of SG. The flattened peak of hydroxyl groups confirmed that the cross-linking groups were successfully introduced into the molecular chains of SG according to FTIR. The addition of SG, PHSG, CLSG and CLPHSG as additives could effectively influence the pasting behavior of potato starch. V.A variety of beneficial pharmacological activities have been reported for Se-enriched Grifola frondosa polysaccharides. However, little has been reported on its absorption, and its intestinal uptake and transport profiles remain unknown. Based on our previous research, the aim of this study was to investigate its absorption from two aspects - the polysaccharides and selenium of Se-enriched Grifola frondosa polysaccharides (Se-GFP-22) across Caco-2 cells in vitro. The Caco-2 cells monolayer culture model was successfully constructed to study the transport and uptake of Se-GFP-22. The results revealed that the uptake and transport of Se-GFP-22 were time- and concentration- dependent. Transport studies illustrated that Se-GFP-22 could penetrate Caco-2 cells, mainly mediated through the same routes as endocytosis and selenium in the organic selenium (Se-GFP-22) was more easily absorbed than that in the inorganic selenium control group (sodium selenite). The uptake of Se-GFP-22 may be a macropinocytosis pathway, which was an accumulation from cytoplasm to nucleus process. Se-GFP-22 was a moderately absorbed biological macromolecule testified by the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) value and transport rates. This work illustrates the characteristics on uptake and transport of Se-GFP-22 and all these results may help to explore the mechanism of polysaccharide absorption in vitro. V.In this study, Huperzia serrata polysaccharide (HSP) fraction was isolated using response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD). The extraction time, temperature and ratio of water to raw material were employed effects. And properties of four polysaccharide (60%-HSP, 70%-HSP, 80%-HSP and 90%-HSP) were evaluated. The results indicated that the optimal extraction conditions were the following 3.07 h, 49.46 °C and a liquid material ratio of 20.731. The four HSP presented irregular aggregation of shape. And all HSP exhibited antioxidant and anticancer activities.