Combined analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics indicated that different genes and metabolism pathways in kidneys of treated pigs were involved in glycerophospholipids metabolism and glycosphingolipid metabolism. Furthermore, copper induced mitochondrial apoptosis characterized by increased bax, bak, caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 expressions while decreased bcl-xl and bcl2/bax expression. Exposure to copper decreased the autophagic flux in terms of increased number of autophagosomes, beclin1 and LC3b/LC3a expression and p62 accumulation. These results indicated that the imbalance of glycosphingolipid metabolism, the impairment of autophagy and increase mitochondrial apoptosis play an important role in copper induced renal damage and are useful mechanisms to understand the mechanisms of copper nephrotoxicity.Organic dyes can enter water bodies through industrial wastes and may pose a threat to the health of aquatic organisms and human. Metal organic framework derived carbon materials (CMOFs) have shown excellent performance for aqueous dye adsorption. However, few have studied multimetallic CMOFs for dye removal. Herein, a ternary metal oxide embedded carbon derived from amino-modified metal organic framework (CMOF(Fe/Al/Ni 8/7/5)-NH2) has been developed as an efficient adsorbent to remove aqueous methylene blue (MB) and acid red 73 (AR-73). CMOF(Fe/Al/Ni 8/7/5)-NH2 reached adsorption equilibrium for both MB and AR-73 within 30 min at neutral pH condition. It also achieved 18 and 24 times higher adsorption than commercial activated carbon (AC) in 10 min for MB and AR-73, respectively. Compared to other CMOFs-NH2, CMOF(Fe/Al/Ni 8/7/5)-NH2 had the highest adsorption capacity for both cationic MB and anionic AR-73. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/itd-1.html In addition, CMOF(Fe/Al/Ni 8/7/5)-NH2 had less then 0.15% metal leaching in 90 min in the pH range of 4-10, and it also maintained 89% and 95% adsorption capacity for MB and AR-73 in five consecutive adsorption batches, respectively. Electrostatic interaction was identified as the primary interaction between CMOFs-NH2 and the dyes, and the embedded crystalline metal oxides with different points of zero charge (PZCs) were identified to be the key adsorption sites. A uniformly distributed surface charge model was proposed to explain the exceptional adsorption capacity of CMOF(Fe/Al/Ni 8/7/5)-NH2. With fast kinetics, high adsorption capacity, wide applicability and good stability, CMOF(Fe/Al/Ni 8/7/5)-NH2 may be an effective adsorbent for many other ionic organic pollutants.In the current scenario, alternative energy sources are the need of the hour. Organic wastes having a larger fraction of biodegradable constituents present a sustainable bioenergy source. It has been reported that the calorific value of biogas generated by anaerobic digestion (AD) is 21-25 MJ/m3 with the treatment which makes it an excellent replacement of natural gas and fossil fuels and can reduce more than 80% greenhouse gas emission to the surroundings. However, there are some limitations associated with the AD process for instance ammonia build-up at the first stage reduces the rate of hydrolysis of biomass, whereas, in the last stage it interferes with methane formation. Owing to special physicochemical properties such as high activity, high reactive surface area, and high specificity, tailor-made conductive nanoparticles can improve the performance of the AD process. In the AD process, H2 is used as an electron carrier, referred as mediated interspecies electron transfer (MIET). Due to the diffusion limitation of these electron carriers, the MIET efficiency is relatively low that limits the methanogenesis. Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET), which enables direct cell-to-cell electron transport between bacteria and methanogen, has been considered an alternative efficient approach to MIET that creates metabolically favorable conditions and results in faster conversion of organic acids and alcohols into methane. This paper discusses in detail the application of conductive nanoparticles to enhance the AD process efficiency. Interaction between microbes in anaerobic conditions for electron transfer with the help of CNPs is discussed. Application of a variety of conductive nanomaterials as an additive is discussed with their potential biogas production and treatment enhancement in the anaerobic digestion process.Short-chained perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS, four-carbon) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS, six-carbon) are widely employed to substitute long-chained per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Recent studies showed the potential persistence of PFBS and PFHxS, and also reported their correlation with obesity. However, the long-term outcome and underlying mechanisms remained poorly understood. Presently, the effects of PFBS and PFHxS were studied on C. elegans with multi- and trans-generational experiments. The multi-generational effects were measured in continuous four generational exposure (i.e., F1 to F4). Results showed that PFBS did not stimulate the fat content in F1 but in F4 with continuous but different disturbances on the lipid metabolism and the insulin and insulin-like (IIS) pathway. PFHxS stimulated the fat content in F1 and F4 with similar disturbances on the lipid metabolism and IIS pathway. The trans-generational results showed that the effects of PFBS and PFHxS on the lipid metabolism and IIS pathway were not totally recovered in the offspring of F1 (i.e., T1-T3) and F4 (i.e., T1'-T3') which were not continuously exposed. PFHxS showed a common pattern to up-regulate daf-7 in both multi- and trans-generational effects. The long-term consequences of the short-chained PFASs substitutes should be concerned and epigenetic regulations should be considered in future mechanism studies.Air, crop, and rhizosphere soil samples were collected from e-waste dismantling areas in Taizhou City (Zhejiang Province, China). The mean PBDEs (Polybrominated diphenyl ethers) concentrations in air in the Fengjiang and Binhai areas were 27.8 and 25.1 pg m-3, respectively (no significant difference, P > 0.05). The mean PBDE concentrations in rhizosphere soil from Fengjiang and Binhai were 9.19 × 104 and 1.34 × 103 pg g-1 dry weight, respectively (no significant difference, P > 0.05). The mean PBDE concentrations in the crop samples from Fengjiang and Binhai were 1.38 × 103 and 6.64 × 102 pg g-1 dry weight, respectively (no significant difference, P > 0.05). PBDEs with≥6 bromine atoms (BDEs-153, -154, -183, and -190) were not translocated from the crop roots to other tissues. PBDEs were taken up by crops selectively. The root epidermis effectively prevented PBDEs from entering edible crop parts and kept the PBDE concentrations in edible roots low. PBDEs with≤5 bromine atoms (BDEs-15, -28, -47, -66, -85, -99, and -100) were selectively enriched from the rhizosphere soil into crop roots, but PBDEs with more bromine substituents were not transferred from the rhizosphere soil to the crop roots.