Objective. The current paper presents an interesting case of facial reconstruction after the excision of a giant basal cell carcinoma located in the orbitofrontal region. Methods. Performing the excision while securing the appropriate oncologic safety margin has determined the appearance of a soft tissue defect that required a complex reconstruction using three regional flaps frontal, temporal fascial and temporal muscle flaps. Results. After the excision and reconstruction in a single surgical stage, the postoperative result was favorable, the 12 months assessment showing that the patient was satisfied with the aesthetic aspect. Conclusion. Including the orbital exenterations in the excisional treatment of giant neoplasms located in the facial region requires a complex reconstructive plan. The surgical team has to consider the relief of the anatomical structures that are targeted, as well as the necessity of achieving satisfactory aesthetic results while ensuring oncological radicality. ©Romanian Society of Ophthalmology.Purpose. The aim of the present study was to compare the trend of excimer laser refractive surgery in different provinces of Iran. Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed in 12 provinces of Iran in 2015 using the data of 2010 to 2014. A total of 28 surgical centers were selected. For each center, one week per season was randomly selected, giving a total of 20 weeks for all seasons of the study years. Then, to estimate the surgical rate in the selected provinces, since 4 weeks were selected each year, the number of operations on the 4 weeks was multiplied by 12.5 to generalize the results to 50 weeks (= 1 year). After applying the weight of each center, the number of refractive operations on each year was divided by the population of the province on that year, and reported per million population. Results. On average, Kermanshah (35.8%, P less then 0.001) and Tehran (3.1%, P less then 0.001) had the highest and lowest annual increase and Qom (11.8%, P less then 0.001) had the highest annual decrease in the rate of excimer laser refractive surgery, respectively. The highest rate was seen in Tehran in 2012 (8885 operations per million population) and the lowest rate was seen in Gilan in 2010 (142 operations per million population). Moreover, the concentration index was 0.25 in 2012, indicating a socioeconomic inequality in the rate of excimer laser refractive surgery. Conclusion. The results of the present study showed an increasing trend in the rate of the excimer laser refractive surgery in 9 Iranian provinces for the first time. Moreover, concerning the inequalities and the higher surgical rate in provinces with a better economic status, it is necessary to expand an insurance coverage and equip more public centers with the instruments and devices required for laser refractive surgery. ©Romanian Society of Ophthalmology.Purpose. This study was performed to determine achromatic contrast sensitivity and color vision in lead and zinc mine workers. Methods. A total of 230 male workers, who had been working in mine and had been in contact with minerals for at least 1 year, were considered as the case group, and the age of 90 years matched men who have not been in contact with minerals, being regarded as the control group. Contrast sensitivity was assessed using the Freiburg test at three frequencies of 1, 5 and 15 cycles of degree and under low mesopic light condition by two gratings and Landolt C stimuli. Color vision was assessed using the Farnsworth D-15 test under high mesopic light condition. Both tests were carried out monocularly. Data were analyzed using version 22 SPSS software. Results. There was a significant difference between studied groups with Landolt C stimulus in all three frequencies 1, 5 and 15 cycles per degree (p=0.009, p=0.016 and p=0.003). With Grating stimulus, there was a significant difference between the two groups in frequencies of 1 and 15 cycles per degree but at frequency of 5 cycles per degree, there was a border difference (p less then 0.0001, p=0.051 and p=0.008). A significant difference was observed between color confusion indexes of the two groups (p less then 0.0001). Conclusion. Chronic exposure to mineral in lead and zinc mine may cause color vision deficiency and decrease in contrast sensitivity. It is recommended that Farnsworth D-15 and Freiburg contrast sensitivity tests would be involved in the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative and visual disorders in workers exposed to minerals. ©Romanian Society of Ophthalmology.The dry eye syndrome (DES) is a disease of the ocular surface, which can become a social issue in our country, given the changes in lifestyle as a consequence of the economic and technological developments of the last decade. A current problem is the prevalence of DES in patients with glaucoma. The glaucoma treatment, especially the prolonged instillation of preservative-containing medicines, is an important factor in DES morbidity, especially in people aged over 40. In this paper, we presented the findings of our study, which was aimed at assessing the prevalence of DES in the Republic of Moldova and the effect of this impairment on the quality of life. 353 patients (706 eyes) were investigated using the data provided by the visual acuity (VA) and slit-lamp examinations, Schirmer's test results, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score. Our findings showed a high estimate of signs and symptoms of DES (67.4%) and their impact on the quality of life. Simultaneously, we aimed to analyze the issue of DES in patients with glaucoma. To this end, we examined 30 cases with primary open angle (POA) glaucoma. We also presented a clinical case, in which the prospect of associating the two pathologies in a patient was considered. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/myk-461.html ©Romanian Society of Ophthalmology.Aim. To analyze clinical features, treatment, and results of patients with non-penetrating traumatic hyphema in an ophthalmological center in Colombia. Methods. A retrospective cohort study in which medical records of patients with traumatic hyphema were analyzed between 2013 and 2018. Results. 38 eyes of 37 patients (34 men, 3 women) were included. Average age was 30.6 ± 16.6 years. Sports-related (42.1%) and occupational accidents (34.2%) were the main causes. 67.5% of the eyes had grade I hyphema. 95% received topical corticosteroids, 92.1% topical mydriatics and 52.63% ocular hypotensive eyedrops. Two eyes with hyphema grade I did not receive steroids and resolved uneventfully. None of the eyes rebleeded, even without antifibrinolytics. One patient with grade IV hyphema required surgery. Mean hyphema's clearance time was 8.4 ± 3.2 days. The last mean corrected distance visual acuity was LogMAR 0.25. There were no complications directly related to the hyphema. Conclusions. Working related activities were the second cause of traumatic hyphema in our cohort, which might be attributable to poor awareness of the importance or ocular protection, or limited access to recommended protective devices.